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Tzvetan Todrov
- The fictional environment begins with a state of equilibrium, e.g. everything is as it should be in a state of equal balance between powers of any kind.
- It then suffers some disruption or disequilibrium.
- At the resolution a new equilibrium is produced.
Vladimir Propp
- Based on ancient folk tales.
- He said that all narratives features a set of stock characters.
- These include : hero , villain , donor , helper , princess (objective / goal) , father , dispatcher , victim , false hero.
Levi-strauss
- Binary oppositions
- He states that a constant creation of conflict or opposition propels a narrative.
- He believed that they narrative could only end on a resolution of the conflict.
- Binary opposites e.g.
- Visual - light vs darkness, movement vs stillness
- Conceptual - love vs hate, control vs panic
- Narrative or genre based - good vs evil, earth vs aliens, cops vs robbers
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